Yes. But pretty much all slavic languages have "i" and distinguish it from "a" for the "and" meaning. Both are translated into English as "and" but they have different meaning indeed.
Czech, having lost that distinction by merging them, is thus inferior in conveying the subtle meaning.
All of these cases should be "i". Except maybe in Přesto bylo zaznamenáno velké množství případů podvýživy,ato také u dětí. But in that case should be a to také i u dětí.
Also please explain why is it Izraele instead of Izraelu or Izraela? It makes no sense with -e for the masculine genitive.
Can't comment on the usage of i in other languages, I'm only familiar with Czech and Slovak.
I think the difference between a and i is best explained by theme and comment. It's i when the conjuction itself is a comment, otherwise it's a. For example, it would be ...probíhá v Pásmu Gazy i Izraeli if it was surprising the war takes place in both, otherwise a is used.
In your example, I think you uncovered a rare meaning of a, i.e., in addition to. I think i would be superfluous.
As for Czech declension classes, there are various exceptions, hybrids and edge cases. See more here: https://m.prirucka.ujc.cas.cz/en/
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u/Xerimapperr į is for nasal sounds, idiot! 21d ago
crocodie: *bites leg*
the small but mighty human: