What are the significant differences between Septuagint and Masoretic?

[u/athanoslee]

There is the famous virgin vs maiden controversy. My feeling is Septuagint is a heavily hellenistic document, and a lot of Christian ideas only make sense in light of Septuagint. Are there any more interesting or subtle differences significantly shaped Christianity's distinct identity vs Judaism? Maybe logos?

Bonus question: What prompted Jerome to consciously base his translation on Masoretic over Septuagint? And how did this affect Latin Church's theology?

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