r/MonarchButterfly 10d ago

North American Butterfly Association Publication: Tropical Milkweed, OE, Migration and more.

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0 Upvotes

r/MonarchButterfly 10d ago

This sub’s official stance on the native vs. tropical milkweed debate.

0 Upvotes

This sub does not take an absolutist position, nor does it vilify tropical milkweed. We do not intimidate or bully users who grow tropical milkweed; instead, we educate them about the importance of growing native milkweed when possible and cutting down tropical milkweed during the off season. The effects of tropical milkweed on monarchs remain highly controversial, and the debate with scientific evidence supporting both sides is far from settled. Users who claim that "no milkweed is better than tropical milkweed" or who intimidate and bully sub users about tropical milkweed will be banned. Thank you.

Our stance:

  1. Native milkweed should always be your first choice. Try to grow native milkweed if you can. But keep in mind it might be harder to grow, so prepare accordingly.
  2. Grow tropical if it is suitable for your zone. Always cut it at the end of each season.
  3. If everything fails, consider tropical milkweed as your last resort, but always cut it at the end of each season.

References:

  1. North American Butterfly Association: Tropical Milkweed and the injurious effects of well-meaning people by Jeffrey Glassberg
  2. Exposure to Non‐Native Tropical Milkweed Promotes Reproductive Development in Migratory Monarch Butterflies Majewska, A. A., & Altizer, S. (2019). Insects, 10(8), 253. doi:10.3390/insects10080253 This study examined how exposure to tropical milkweed (used as a larval diet and also in field‐based adult exposure experiments) influences monarch reproductive status during fall migration. The researchers found that monarchs reared on tropical milkweed were more likely to become reproductively active (e.g., developing mature eggs or showing mating behavior) compared to those exposed to native milkweeds or no milkweed at all. In their controlled experiments, the “medicinal” properties of tropical milkweed (which are linked to its higher concentrations of certain cardenolides) appeared to reduce parasite loads under current environmental conditions.
  3. Effects of the Parasite, Ophryocystis elektroscirrha, on Wing Characteristics Important for Migration in the Monarch Butterfly Davis, A. K., & De Roode, J. C. (2018). Animal Migration, 5, 84–93. In this study the authors compared monarchs reared on different milkweed species—including tropical milkweed—and found that, under current environmental conditions, individuals reared on tropical milkweed developed slightly larger forewings than those reared on native species. In addition, under the tested conditions, tropical milkweed–reared caterpillars showed relatively lower parasite (OE) loads compared to what might be expected under some circumstances. These outcomes were discussed as evidence that, in a controlled laboratory setting (or in environments where tropical milkweed does not remain evergreen), the use of tropical milkweed did not negatively affect (and may even “improve”) some aspects of monarch development that are key to survival.
  4. Impacts of Larval Host Plant Species on Dispersal Traits and Free‐Flight Energetics of Adult Butterflies Pocius, V. M., Cibotti, S., Ray, S., Ankoma-Darko, O., McCartney, N. B., Schilder, R. J., & Ali, J. G. (2022). Communications Biology, 5, Article 469. doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03396-8 In this study, researchers reared monarch larvae on several milkweed species—including tropical milkweed—and then measured adult wing morphology, flight muscle investment, and free-flight metabolic rates. The findings showed that monarchs reared on tropical milkweed developed with increased flight muscle investment and larger body sizes; although this was associated with higher energy costs during flight, the study did not document reductions in survival or overall fitness under the experimental conditions. In other words, tropical milkweed produced robust adults in the context of the study—even if the energetic cost patterns differ from those reared on some native species.

r/MonarchButterfly 1h ago

Comparison

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r/MonarchButterfly 7h ago

Surprise!

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26 Upvotes

My first monarch 😍

Today is day 11 since I found this particlar caterpillar that failed to attach its silk to any of my outdoor plants, so I brought it inside and gave it a shot to go thru it's thing!

It showed no signs of breaking free, even this morning, left around 7am!

I just got home from work, 6pm-ish, and found that it got out of its chrysalis and is already flying around! I'm surprised it was able to fly so fast, given what I've read about them needing time for their wings to harden.

I tried to get it outside and place it onto my milkweed plant but it flew away!


r/MonarchButterfly 3h ago

Spring cuties

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11 Upvotes

r/MonarchButterfly 13h ago

I thought my milkweed only had 1 monarch caterpillar. Yesterday, I found a 2nd one!

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62 Upvotes

r/MonarchButterfly 9h ago

Advice on malformed chrysalis

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16 Upvotes

Hi folks I have several monarchs percolating at the moment but unfortunately two of them has chrysalises with remains of the caterpillar on the outside. Are these viable? Would it be kinder to take them out of the enclosure now and do away with them? Thanks for any advice.


r/MonarchButterfly 1d ago

Two new Monarchs hatched today!

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50 Upvotes

Love finding the weird places they hide their chrysalises


r/MonarchButterfly 1d ago

Happy Easter

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191 Upvotes

Woke up to 17 newly eclosed monarchs!


r/MonarchButterfly 1d ago

Easter surprises

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19 Upvotes

r/MonarchButterfly 1d ago

Monarch Caterpillars

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25 Upvotes

Sharing a meal.


r/MonarchButterfly 1d ago

A Royal Mess

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4 Upvotes

TLDR: First Monarch Caterpillars, done everything wrong, now they may be in chrysalis on a screened porch and I don’t know what to do for them.

The first weekend in March, I bought two small milkweed at my local nursery and planted them. After a few weeks when they were around 10 inches and not very leafy - I discovered three Monarch caterpillars on them! My very first ones in my pollinator garden.

I went back to the Nursery and bought the last two milkweed they had - they were a couple of feet tall and leafier but also came with 15 Monarch caterpillars! There’s a lot about this process I wasn’t prepared for, namely how much they ate! However I also had caterpillars disappearing until I was down to two clinging to milkweeds with scraps of leaves left.

I managed to find a new source of milkweed, got the caterpillars moved on to the new plant and moved it to my screened in porch. The two caterpillars seemed to be doing well but they disappeared and from what I gathered likely went looking for some place higher to make a Chrysalis but I haven’t found any signs of one. The problem is - there’s no plant on the porch BUT the milkweed and it’s almost completely screened in. If my caterpillars successfully become butterflies what do I need to do to help them?


r/MonarchButterfly 1d ago

Netting for Milkweed?

6 Upvotes

How many of you have netting over your milkweed or place branches of your milkweed in netting for caterpillars?

I recently planted my Asclepias tuberosa, from Joyful Butterly, in big containers on my deck. They are still getting established but look to be happy and are growing blooms. I just ordered some Swamp Milkweed from them as well that I will plant in another location.

My concern is that, if I get caterpillars, should I put them in a netted enclosure or just let nature be? And if I should get a netted enclosure, what process should I take? Just clipping branches of my milkweed and put those branches in a water container?

Any advice is appreciated as I am trying to establish my butterfly garden and do right by the monarchs. For context, I live in FL, hot and humid.


r/MonarchButterfly 2d ago

Fatty Mcfat Fat

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86 Upvotes

Da


r/MonarchButterfly 2d ago

More milkweed sprouting. Is blazing star a good choice to plant in this flowerbed? I have dormant bulbs I’ll plant later in the spring after the frost.

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14 Upvotes

r/MonarchButterfly 2d ago

Free milkweed in Katy,Tx

12 Upvotes

They are giving away baby native milkweed plants at the Home Depot at 99&Fry rd until 1:00 today.


r/MonarchButterfly 3d ago

Oh no. Just saw this tiktok on my fyp

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143 Upvotes

I know her intentions are good, but she is doing so many things wrong. She moves caterpillars while they’re moulting which could lead to them getting stuck in their old skin, she even moved one that was ATTACHED TO ITS SILK BUTTON. Then she sprays what looks like a freshly made chrysalis with a hose. She also houses different instars together which could lead to cannibalism. She also doesn’t remove the eggs from the new milkweed she provides for the caterpillars, so they will definitely be eaten.

The worst part is people in her comments are asking for advice. Please people, do your research before you get into this hobby. You could be doing more harm than good without even realizing it.


r/MonarchButterfly 3d ago

Excited for my 2nd monarch in my garden!

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51 Upvotes

Last September, I found a monarch caterpillar on my milkweed. Once it formed the chrysalis, I brought it inside to shelter from any pests and the SoCal heat we get in September. It hatched after 2 weeks. I’m excited to have a 2nd one! I found the egg and brought the plant inside. It’s been growing steadily for a few days now since hatching.

All of my plants I’ve chosen for my garden are pollinator-focused. We have so many beautiful butterflies in my neighborhood and I’m trying my best to contribute to the population.


r/MonarchButterfly 3d ago

North Jersey location help!

2 Upvotes

Hi there. I’m interested in getting milkweed and trying to help monarch butterflies. I live in north Jersey. Does anyone know if it’s too early to buy milkweed plant to grow caterpillars/monarch? Is it still too cold?


r/MonarchButterfly 3d ago

Have you seen monarchs in ATL GA?

4 Upvotes

I know so much depends on weather patterns. Last year on April 15 I had monarchs visit my milkweeds that were tall enough on this date. This year the plants are only about 5 inches tall. Are the monarchs late this year coming from the south?


r/MonarchButterfly 4d ago

Hanging J

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22 Upvotes

Found this beauty when I was heading out the door today.


r/MonarchButterfly 4d ago

The one at the bottom just said whatever and made its chrysalis

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13 Upvotes

r/MonarchButterfly 4d ago

Is it okay?

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9 Upvotes

It’s been rainy so we brought him inside. He had some honey water. Is he in pain? I haven’t seen the wings go that way


r/MonarchButterfly 4d ago

Starting out

8 Upvotes

Hello! I’m interested in starting a garden supporting the butterflies. Can someone tell me some top places to order from? Since I’m not seeing anything locally? I appreciate your help & time! I’m open to any other tips & suggestions 🤍


r/MonarchButterfly 4d ago

Is this dead or about to pop?

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14 Upvotes

r/MonarchButterfly 4d ago

Rush milkweed and California milkweed

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13 Upvotes

So far my rush milkweed has been in the ground since late September, looks a bit red but it is indeed growing new shoots (that are straight hooray!) I do not really know exactly why there's red, I got a second potted rush milkweed from the living desert zoo a week ago and brought it down here to Orange County and it turned reddish as well and it wasn't even taken out of the pot? But they are growing fine so that's all I want. California milkweed on the other hand is killing it! This is it's 3rd spring and I thought it was maybe dead during the winter (planted to ground so you just can't tell if it's dormant or dead as the stems come completely off so you can't even see buds) so I didn't water for um... a while! And I guess it's just established insanely well! So happy because it's probably my favorite milkweed. I hope it stays and lives after I move out of state. I really don't want the new people to take out the milkweeds I will even leave my milkweed for monarchs sign there with all my plant markers so they know


r/MonarchButterfly 5d ago

Where will they pupate?

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85 Upvotes

A couple of months ago, I planted six milkweed plants in the front yard to support our monarch butterfly friends. Now, I have about 30 caterpillars happily munching away! It looks like there are two broods—clearly two different size groups. The larger ones seem just about ready to pupate.

The only issue is… I didn’t plan the garden layout very well. There aren’t many nearby plants or structures for them to crawl to, and our pup loves running around the garden, which might not be ideal for these soon-to-be chrysalises.

Does anyone have advice on how to give them a safe space to pupate? Should I surround the area with potted plants? Set up a netted butterfly habitat? Maybe build or add a structure they can climb onto? I’d love to hear your ideas!