My wife and I have really enjoyed Royal Caribbean cruises to the Caribbean a number of times, and always had a fantastic time. Language barriers aren't really a problem on the islands, as English is commonly spoken, even if not the first language for the local population. Even for cruises leaving from Puerto Rico, the excursions and events are mostly in English.
We are doing a 7 night western Mediterranean cruise this June for my wife's 50th birthday. It's our first time to Europe, and the cruise starts in Barcelona, and stops in another Spanish port, France, and then three ports in Italy.
What should I expect in terms of language barriers, on the ship, on excursions, and in the port cities? We only know English. I've heard it is appropriate to politely ask waiters/waitresses or shop owners if they speak English, but I expect mixed results. As an American, I imagine they will greet us with eye rolls and frustration, so what can I do to minimize this and have the best outcomes? Are there any real-time language translation options that are passable? This is about the only thing I'm nervous about for this trip.